Étude de l’OMS
En 2018 l’OMS publiait un rapport indiquant que la méthode sympto-thermique avait un taux de grossesse non planifiées (GNP) de 1% de grossesses en théorie et 2% de grossesses en pratique ( contre 7% pour la pilule).
| Method | How it works | Effectiveness : pregnancies per 100 women per year with consistent and correct use | Effectiveness : pregnancies per 100 women per year as commonly used |
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) or “the pill” | Prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation) | 0.3 | 7 |
| Progestogen-only pills (POPs) or "the minipill" | Thickens cervical mucous to block sperm and egg from meeting and prevents ovulation" | 0.3 | 7 |
| Implants | Thickens cervical mucous to blocks sperm and egg from meeting and prevents ovulation | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Progestogen only injectables | Thickens cervical mucous to block sperm and egg from meeting and prevents ovulation | 0.2 | 4 |
| Monthly injectables or combined injectable contraceptives (CIC) | Prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation) | 0.05 | 3 |
| Combined contraceptive patch and combined contraceptive vaginal ring (CVR) | Prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation) | 0.3 (for patch) 0.3 (for vaginal ring) |
7 (for patch) 7 (for contraceptive vaginal ring) |
| Intrauterine device (IUD) : copper containing | Copper component damages sperm and prevents it from meeting the egg | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| Intrauterine device (IUD) levonorgestrel | Thickens cervical mucous to block sperm and egg from meeting | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Male condoms | Forms a barrier to prevent sperm and egg from meeting | 2 | 13 |
| Female condoms | Forms a barrier to prevent sperm and egg from meeting | 5 | 21 |
| Male sterilization (Vasectomy) | Keeps sperm out of ejaculated semen | 0.1 | 0.15 |
| Female sterilization (tubal ligation) | Eggs are blocked from meeting sperm | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) | Prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation) | 0.9 (in six months) | 2 (in six months) |
| Standard Days Method or SDM | Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile days. | 5 | 12 |
| Basal Body Temperature (BBT) Method | Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during fertile days | Reliable effectiveness rates are not available | |
| TwoDay Method | Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile days, | 4 | 14 |
| Sympto-thermal Method | Prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile | <1 | 2 |
| Emergency contraception pills (ulipristal acetate 30 mg or levonorgestrel 1.5 mg) | Prevents or delays the release of eggs from the ovaries. Pills taken to prevent pregnancy up to 5 days after unprotected sex | < 1 for ulipristal acetate ECPs 1 for progestin-only ECPs 2 for combined estrogen and progestin ECPs |
|
| Calendar method or rhythm method | The couple prevents pregnancy by avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during the 1st and last estimated fertile days, by abstaining or using a condom. | Reliable effectiveness rates are not available | 15 |
| Withdrawal (coitus interruptus) | Tries to keep sperm out of the woman’s body, preventing fertilization | 4 | 20 |
Source : PDF de l’OMS